The article doesn’t go into it, but a key advantage they have is that heat pumps move heat, rather then trying to generate it. So they can move a lot more heat into your house than would be generated by running the electricity they use through a resistor. This makes them effectively more than 100% efficient (the exact amount depends on temperature) as compared with burning a fuel or resistive heat.
All heat pumps are air conditioners. Not all air conditioners are heat pumps.
Nah you’re arse about. It’d be like saying all internal combustion engines are generators.
Engines just drive things, like cars, generators, lawn mowers etc. They’re a technology for rotating something.
Heat pumps are just a technology for moving heat.
Not going to reply any further as unsure at this stage if you’re trolling. Literally just go read the Wikipedia page on heat pumps.