Elon Musk blamed scraping by these unknown entities for Twitter’s decision to put a cap on how many tweets a user can see per day.
Depends very much on the terms in which the content is made available. It’s more than a little over-zealous, but the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act technically makes any unauthorized access to a computer system illegal. If Twitter makes it explicitly known to you that you’re not authorized to scrape them and you do it anyway, there is some potential liability.