Should you buy it later the save file from the GamePass version carries over. Speaking from experience.
It’s not a different version, just a different license for the game so to speak
No, should work for every game with save files. I think you mean something like the account system in Destiny with internal login. That is definitely not necessary.
My last example was TMNT: Shredders Revenge. Played it on GamePass, bought it later and have all my save files. Other example: Nier: Automata, same thing. That one is no longer on Gamepass and I still have all my save files I started while playing on Gamepass
Nope. All Xbox console games backup their saves to the cloud these days. Any save files are first saved to your hard drive, then synced up to the cloud.
Right, ok. I mean XCloud. I play on the Deck, so Gamepass is not available physically on it unless you install Windows.