Can you use the WordPress software without the WordPress servers?
Of course. You can host Wordpress just about anywhere that offers a recent enough version of php and access to a database
Because Wordpress is also hosting 1000s of plugins that WP engine users can install.
I’m not sure what the license regarding those things is, WP engine could probably just mirror it -
But they basically got locked out of the default ecosystem infrastructure.
Not easily, honestly.
WordPress on its own is very bare bones, you’re almost certainly going to want to install plugins, which by default can only be done from the builtin connection to WP servers.
WP without plugins doesn’t even have basic things like gallery light boxes. Honestly it seems deliberate, since the easiest way to get a lot of basic features that should be in core is to install the automattic(the company that owns wordpress) jetpack extension, that also installs a bunch of data harvesting connections to their proprietary SaaS.
Very easily, actually.
The LAMP/LEMP stack has been the standard for literally decades. Any typical shared web hosting by default uses the LAMP stack with CPanel management. And CPanel has the Softalicious software installer which has had a WordPress auto installer for a very long time.
Can only be done by default … also means there are other options.
Matt disappoints but their plugin repository isn’t a vendor lock in like Apple denying other app stores (without acts enforcing it etc).
I’m not aware of any method to add a third party plugin repository. (Is the software that runs the plugin repository even open source?)