Interesting! Do you have any guesses as to what sort of applications partition identities might see?
I’m an actuarie, so I’m thinking in an insurance related way it could they have some use. Imagine a re insurance contract (the insurance that insurance companies buy to protect themselves) that pay after an S = sum Xi value of cumulative claims is reached (i = 1, 2, 3… number of claims, X = value of each claim) . How many ways can S be reached, given that they are N claims, with variable X?
For example, S = 4, that value can be reached by X = 4, X1= 3 + X2 = 1, and so on. Knowing the number of ways you can reach that S value, can help you with the pricing of the contract, or forecasting to when the S value is going to be reached.
Other than that, they are distributed computer power, if you need S computer power, how many ways can this value be reached knowing that you have access to N GPUs each one with Xi capacity.