Serious question: why would anyone opt for XFS these days? I remember reading about it being faster/more efficient with small files, but is that still valid?
XFS has been the default file system for RHEL since RHEL 7. A lot of places typically roll with defaults there, so it makes sense to see it still widely used.
Xfs is basically a bigger, better ext4.
It has more features but it also isn’t as weird and wacky as btrfs and zfs.
Honestly I’m not sure it shouldn’t be the default fs for most distros, except it wasn’t born in the Linux kernel like ext and btrfs, but it’s been here forever and it’s been very well behaved, unlike others I can mention.
Used it for a while on lvm raid, xfs was never what gave me problems.
Rock solid may be a stretch. They still suffer from outrageous metadata bugs even to this day when used in busy file systems.
That bug alone has been open for over a decade. Development focus of the people who understand and want to fix those things have shifted to other filesystems like ext4 and ZFS.
From the top of my head, compared to ext4: RAM use and the ability to shrink an FS if necessary. Oh, also I’ve used an EXT FS driver on a Windows host, but I’ve never seen one for XFS.
I’ll give you one reason it’s used commercially: Veeam can only use xfs or refs as a deduplication enabled store using fastclone. For example I have a 60 disk nas hosting hundreds of customer backups and a petabyte. Without deduplication imagine how many extra petabytes of storage would be consumed. Each backup is basically the same image as well as the backup processing time.
Maybe they’ll get that same feature on zfs one day.
Unless you want me to use refs? But I have tried that, and I’ve lost a whole volume to iscsi volume mounted to windows and formatted refs due to corruption when a network power loss happened gradually and whatever reason, that network interruption caused the whole volume to be unmountable over iscsi ever again. I’m not keen to retry that.
Xfs is pretty good with 60 disks, I wouldn’t trust ext4 with that many but there’s nothing factual about ext4 but a feeling.
About to get a second 60 disk nas for another datacentre for the same setup as above to migrate away from Wasabi as offsite. Will build xfs again. Looking forward to it.
ZFS has deduplication, you just don’t want to use it. As deduplication grows, it requires more and more RAM on the ZFS server. :(
Yeah but veeam doesn’t support fast block cloning which means you don’t need to ever recopy blocks that don’t change. From a performance point of view, fast block cloning gives incredible speed up so that in turn means more backups happen in a short time. That’s pretty important even at our small business scale. I guess larger veeam service providers solve things differently.
To me, zfs is like the Gentoo of file systems. If you actually use the zfs features and do a lot of digging and experimentation before you go all in on it, it’s not bad; it really can be quite good. If someone wants a filesystem that they format and forget, ext4 and xfs are still solid options. I used to use ext4 for most of my filesystem needs and xfs for my long term storage on top of mdadm. I just really wanted zfs snapshots.
Zfs is great if you need a raid with parity: their raid5 and raid6 are the best in class. I have a NAS build where it makes sense to use those.
If you only need snapshots, go with btrfs. Just stay away from their raid5 and raid6, because they are unstable and tend to lose data.
I have no experience with ZFS and didn’t know it supported project quotas too. I found out about XFS from an LPIC book where it said that XFS, unlike other filesystems, also supported project quotas (this was about 10 years ago). It’s been working fine for me the past few years, so I’ve never looked for alternatives. Now I’m curious.
