There’s also “you may enter” 🙂
Quite a number of mistakes here:
“Kocaeli” translated as “husbands hand” comes from “Koca ili” named after Akça Koca. “Koca” in this context means “Great” as in “highborn” and “il” means province so this is better translated as “Koca’s province” or “The highborn’s province”.
“Aksaray” translated as “white fortress” is better translated as “white palace”.
“Ağrı” here translated as “pain” is named after the Turkish name of Mount Ararat which is “Ağrı Dağı”. The name has been in use for a very long time and the exact etymology is not known as far as I know, possibly meaning “fiery”.
How “Afyon” is translated as “Opium black fortress” I cannot even understand, it just means “opium”. The provinces name is literally just “opium”. Maybe the only one that could have been directly translated, no research needed.
“Aydın” comes from the name of a historical person, so it’s either still “Aydın”, or the meaning of that name which is better translated as “enlightened” since “intellectual” doesn’t really make sense in the context of the 14th century.
There are probably others. I would guess that “Kırklareli” is also from smushing “ili” at the end of another word. No offense intended but this reads as some Turkish learners attempt at translating city names by just literally looking up the words in a dictionary with no regard for the actual etymology or context.
Question: several of the places listed here have the word “hand” in the name: fortys hand, husbands hand, bronze hand. What does “hand” mean in this context?
The turkish word for hand is “el”, and if for example I talked about your hand I would say “Athos77’un eli”. Ignoring the “un” suffix there, which I believe is rather modern, the translation of “Athos77eli” as “Athos77s hand” would be correct.
I know for Kocaeli and think also for the others it however comes from smushin two words together, “Forties” or “koca” with the word “il” which means “province”. So it’s not surprising to see it in the names of provinces. So if I was talking about a province named after you I woud say “Athos77 ili”. As in “Athos77s province”. The change from “ili” to “eli” happens when the last vowel of the first word is an “a” (Just taking “kocaeli” and possibly “kırklareli” as an example here). In turkish vowels are distinguished between “deep” (aoıu) and “high” (eiöü) and “wide” (aeoö) and “narrow” (ıiuü). The jump from a deep and wide vowel (in this case a) to a high and narrow vowel (i) sounds very jarring in turkish so the high and narrow “i” is changed to a high and wide “e” to make the transition from “a” less jarring as it only breaks one category instead of both at the same time. I hope that made sense.
