Parachutes require pretty specific conditions to be able to use, and they require a fair amount of know-how. Expecting random passengers to be able to operate a parachute at all is basically a losing battle, and if you had people jumping out of planes that were on their way down, you’d have a lot more people dying (speculation but I’d wager money on it) than if they just stayed in the plane. Plus it’d be a horrible look for the airline - even worse than a plane crashing and killing everyone on it - if they had dead people raining down over cities and whatnot because they jumped and didn’t properly deploy their chute, or deployed it too quickly, or didn’t jump at the right time and got hit by the plane or any number of other possible problems.
Fighter jets and the like have ejection seats that specifically propel the pilot away from the plane before deploying the chute, and recreational (or military) planes that people are jumping from are designed for that purpose, and are moving a lot slower than commercial airliners. Opening the door on a plane to let people jump would cause more problems than keeping them on the plane. (People getting sucked out the door and the like.) Getting passengers safely clear of a plane that’s going down unrecoverably would be basically impossible.
Commercial airlines also fly really high up. If you were ejected at cruising altitude, the first thing you would do is pass out and fall for a few minutes. Hopefully you wake up in time to orient yourself and activate a parachute.
That’s not to say you couldn’t have an auto deploy mechanism at a given altitude. I haven’t skydived (skydove?) in years, but isn’t there an emergency deployment mechanism if the chute hasn’t deployed by a certain altitude?
There probably is, but that brings in another huge problem. Maintenance of all this stuff, parachutes can’t just stay packed indefinitely. Maintaining 100s of parachutes per plane is wildly impractical.
I know absolutely nothing about this, but aren’t there parachutes that basically just auto-deploy as soon as you jump? I seem to remember seeing something where people hop out and are followed out by a long piece of string that catches on the plane and yanks the chute when it hits a certain length, or something like that. Presumably they don’t work at 11km elevation though.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Piantanida
This guy was in a remote controlled, parachute equipped gondola at 17km altitude wearing a pressurized suite. His suit broke and even though the emergency descent of the gondola was immediately activated to descend safely, he later died from embolism (bubbles forming in the blood because of rapidly decreasing pressure). Passenger jets cruise at about 11km so i gather it would be similar.
- Passengers airplane often fly too high and too fast to safely parachute from
- Passengers need to be trained to parachute
- Planes rarely crash
- If every psycho and their dog knew there was a parachute onboard for them it would happen often that some drunk asshole decided today was they day they’re gonna jump from a commercial flight
No it’d be some Karen who got scared by turbulence trying to jump after convincing half the plane that she knew they were going to crash because of it. The same type of “do your own research” crowd that convinced half the population that COVID was a hoax because they know better!
- It would take a lot of time to have 150 persons jump and people go crazy even when the plane safely lands, just to go off board
- To jump out, they would need to open the doors. There would be problems with decompression at above 10K.
- You have to deal with people unable to use parachutes. Children, elderly, disabled, afraid of heights, and panicked.
- There’s an assumption an airplane remains level enough. If it’s spinning or nose down, trying to reach an exit is another problem.
- If jumping out ahead of the wing, there’s a risk of getting sucked into the engines.
- Parqchutes are bulky. Trying to get them out of storage and distribute them to a couple hundred untrained people is a tall order.
- Putting on a parachute, correclty strapping it, knowing when and where to pull the cord, and knowing how to land without breaking bones, hitting tree branches, or ditching into water. These are all issues you can’t teach during preflight safety instruction.
Overall, everyone would be better off staying put, not panicking, and hoping a plane and trained pilots can get everyone on the ground, safely.
If a plane can stay level enough for long enough to get people into parachute gear and out the door, chances are good that the pilots can land that plane, which significantly decreases the chances of injury to the passengers.
That’s my thought - there would be very few instances where a parachute for the passengers would potentially be useful. Either there would be no time or opportunity to strap on a parachute and bail from the plane, or they would be better off staying in the plane for some sort of emergency landing.
Something like United Airlines Flight 232 (loss of hydraulic pressure resulting in no control surfaces) is one of the few exceptions I can think of where having a parachute might be useful. In that case the pilots had enough control of the plane that the passengers would have had an opportunity to bail, and that would have been preferable to trying to ride out a landing.
Building them into the seats makes about all those problems go away. But decreases the amount of seats you can fit on plane and amount of money made per flight and therefore is never going to happen
Half as interesting just did a video on this
Short answers from the video: (but its a good video if you have the time)
- They weigh a huge amount and take up a lot of space, so carrying them on every flight would be crazy expensive for extra fuel cost and reduce other baggage cargo that could be carried.
- Current day passengers have difficulty just putting and keeping a simple seat belt on. Properly putting on a parachute, especially in the small space you have in an airliner, and successfully deploying it outside are beyond what airline passengers are capable of doing.
- Passenger jets fly too high and too fast to survive jumping out of one at cursing altitude. Even if you successfully put on the parachute, got out of the plane without being sucking into an engine or hitting a control surface at 400MPH, you would quickly suffocate from lack of oxygen and/or freeze to death from the sub zero temperatures at that altitude.
Specifically about that third point, how long would it take to get into a “livable” range if you were free-falling? Like obviously hypoxia is a legit concern, but are you going to get out of that range quick enough to avoid real complications?
You’ll survive for quite a while once you’re below 6000 m. In free fall that would take you around 90 s, assuming a fall from 11000 m, and that it takes 200 m (5 s) of fall to reach terminal velocity of 200 km/h.
This is quite rough, but gives an appropriate order of magnitude. In those 90 s, you would be very likely to pass out and be guaranteed to get severe frost bite. We’re talking major amputations levels of frost bite, as you would be moving at 200 km/h, exposed, in temperatures in the -50 C to -10 C range. I’ve seen people get frost bites moving at 40 km/h in -15 C for a couple of minutes with just a sliver of skin exposed.
So short answer: You might survive getting into the survivable range, but at the very least you will require intense and immediate medical attention upon landing. Seeing as there will be potentially a couple hundred people spread out over a large, possibly remote, area requiring this attention, it’s unlikely that many, if any, would survive the ordeal, even if most people survived the initial 5000 m of fall into the survivable altitude range.
Also just being realistic those parachute are probably just going to be questionable bargin bulk buys. They’d be designed to be as cheap as possible while just barely passing legal standards. They never be maintained or inspected. And there’s no way they support my 6’5" 300lbs ass as my frozen corps plummets to the earth below.
That question got me thinking: In which major disaster would there have been time to get people off board and deploy parachutes? Any major disaster I can think of happened so fast or unbeknownst to anyone on board, or in unfavorable conditions for parachutes, i.e. takeoff or landing.
The only one coming to mind is the Gimli glider and that turned out fine.
